Lipid Profile - P093
Rs 600
- Why Get Tested?
To assess your risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD); to monitor treatment - When To Get Tested?
Screening when no risk factors present: for adults, every four to six years; for youths, once between the ages of 9 and 11 and again between ages 17 and 21 Monitoring: at regular intervals when risk factors are present, when prior results showed high risk levels, and/or to monitor effectiveness of treatment - Sample Type:SERUM (SST or Plain)
- Fasting :YES (10 to 12 Hours)
- Report Delivery:Same day (if Collected before 12 Noon)
- Components:7 Observations
Tests Detail
| Observations Included |
| Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) |
| Cholesterol - Total * |
| Triglycerides * |
| The Test marked with (*) are in our NABL Scope. |
Sample Report
- Also Known As:
Coronary Risk Panel - Formal Name:
Lipid Profile - Sample Instructions:
A blood sample obtained by inserting a needle into a vein in your arm or from a fingerstick - Test Preparation Needed?
Typically, fasting for 9-12 hours (water only) before having your blood drawn is required, but some labs offer non-fasting lipid testing. Follow any instructions you are given and tell the person drawing your blood whether or not you have fasted. For youths without risk factors, testing may be done without fasting. - What Is Being Tested?
Lipids are a group of fats and fat-like substances that are important constituents of cells and sources of energy. A lipid panel measures the level of specific lipids in the blood. Two important lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides, are transported in the blood by lipoprotein particles. Each particle contains a combination of protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, and phospholipid molecules. The particles measured with a lipid profile are classified by their density into high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). Monitoring and maintaining healthy levels of these lipids is important in staying healthy. While the body produces the cholesterol needed to function properly, the source for some cholesterol is the diet. Eating too much of foods that are high in saturated fats and trans unsaturated fats (trans fats) or having an inherited predisposition can result in a high level of cholesterol in the blood. The extra cholesterol may be deposited in plaques on the walls of blood vessels. Plaques can narrow or eventually block the opening of blood vessels, leading to hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) and increasing the risk of numerous health problems, including heart disease and stroke. A high level of triglycerides in the blood is also associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), although the reason for this is not well understood. A lipid panel typically includes: Total cholesterol High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) — often called "good cholesterol" because it removes excess cholesterol and carries it to the liver for removal. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) — often called "bad cholesterol" because it deposits excess cholesterol in walls of blood vessels, which can contribute to atherosclerosis. Triglycerides How is the sample collected for testing? A blood sample is obtained by inserting a needle into a vein in the arm. S - How Is It Used?
The lipid panel is used as part of a cardiac risk assessment to help determine an individual's risk of heart disease and to help make decisions about what treatment may be best if there is borderline or high risk. Lipids are a group of fats and fat-like substances that are important constituents of cells and sources of energy. Monitoring and maintaining healthy levels of these lipids is important in staying healthy. (For more on lipids, see the "What is being tested?" section.) The results of the lipid panel are considered along with other known risk factors of heart disease to develop a plan of treatment and follow-up. Depending on the results and other risk factors, treatment options may involve lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise or lipid-lowering medications such as statins. A lipid panel typically includes: Total cholesterol — this test measures all of the cholesterol in all the lipoprotein particles. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) — measures the cholesterol in HDL particles; often called "good cholesterol" because it removes excess cholesterol and carries it to the liver for removal. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) — calculates the cholesterol in LDL particles; often called "bad cholesterol" because it deposits excess cholesterol in walls of blood vessels, which can contribute to atherosclerosis. Usually, the amount of LDL-C is calculated using the results of total cholesterol, HDL-C, and triglycerides. Triglycerides — measures all the triglycerides in all the lipoprotein particles; most is in the very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). Some other information may be reported as part of the lipid panel. These parameters are calculated from the results of the tests identified above. Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) — calculated from triglycerides/5; this formula is based on the typical composition of VLDL particles. Non-HDL-C — calculated from total cholesterol minus HDL-C. Choles - When Is It Ordered
Adults It is recommended that healthy adults with no other risk factors for heart disease be tested with a fasting lipid panel once every four to six years. Initial screening may involve only a single test for total cholesterol and not a full lipid profile. However, if the screening cholesterol test result is high, it will likely be followed by testing with a lipid panel. If other risk factors are present or if previous testing revealed a high cholesterol level in the past, more frequent testing with a full lipid profile is recommended. Risk factors other than high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) include: Cigarette smoking Being overweight or obese Unhealthy diet Being physically inactive—not getting enough exercise Age (if you are a male 45 years or older or a female 50-55 years or older) Hypertension (blood pressure of 140/90 or higher or taking high blood pressure medications) Family history of premature heart disease (heart disease in a first degree male relative under age 55 or a first degree female relative under age 65) Pre-existing heart disease or already having had a heart attack Diabetes or prediabetes Note: High HDL (60 mg/dL or above) is considered a "negative risk factor" and its presence allows the removal of one risk factor from the total. Youths For children and adolescents, routine lipid testing is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in all children once between the ages of 9 and 11 and again between 17 and 21. Earlier and more frequent screening with a lipid panel is recommended for children and youths who are at an increased risk of developing heart disease as adults. Some of the risk factors are similar to those in adults and include a family history of heart disease or health problems such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or being overweight. High-risk children should be tested between 2 and 8 years old with a fasting lipid profile, according to the AAP. Children young - What Does The Test Result Mean?
Adults In general, healthy lipid levels help to maintain a healthy heart and lower the risk of heart attack or stroke. A health practitioner will take into consideration the results of each component of a lipid panel plus other risk factors to help determine a person's overall risk of coronary heart disease, whether treatment is necessary and, if so, which treatment will best help to lower the person's risk of heart disease. In 2002, the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III provided the guidelines for evaluating lipid levels and determining treatment. However, in 2013, the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) published new guidelines on treatment of cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in adults. These guidelines recommend a treatment strategy different than those from NCEP. Decisions about cholesterol-lowering therapies are no longer focused on LDL-C or non-HDL-C targets, but are based on the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and other factors. The latest guidelines include a newly developed, evidence-based risk calculator for ASCVD used to identify individuals most likely to benefit from therapy. It is intended for people without heart disease between the ages of 40 and 79. Many factors are considered in the calculation, including age, gender, race, total cholesterol, HDL-C, blood pressure, presence of diabetes, and smoking habit. Additionally, the updated guidelines recommend evaluating therapeutic response compared to LDL-C baseline values, with reduction thresholds differing based on the intensity of the lipid-lowering drug therapy. Use of the updated risk calculator and guidelines remains controversial. Many still use the older guidelines from the NCEP Adult Treatment Panel III to evaluate lipid levels and CVD risk: LDL Cholesterol Optimal: Less than 100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L); for those with known disease (ASCVD or diabetes), less than 70 m - Is There Anything Else I Should Known?
There is increasing interest in measuring triglycerides in people who have not fasted. The reason is that a non-fasting sample may be more representative of the "usual" circulating level of triglyceride since most of the day, blood lipid levels reflect post-meal (post-prandial) levels rather than fasting levels. However, it is not yet certain how to interpret non-fasting levels for evaluating risk, so at present there is no change in the current recommendations for fasting prior to tests for lipid levels. A routine cardiac risk assessment typically includes a fasting lipid panel. Beyond that, research continues into the usefulness of other non-traditional markers of cardiac risk, such as Lp-PLA2. A health practitioner may choose to evaluate one or more of these markers to help determine someone's risk, but there is no consensus on their use and they are not widely available. For a more detailed discussion on these, see the article on Cardiac Risk Assessment. What treatments are recommended if my lipid levels are unhealthy? Adherence to a healthy lifestyle is an important part of maintaining heart health and in treating high cholesterol. This may mean you will need to change your lifestyle, specifically by adopting a diet low in saturated fat and trans unsaturated fats (trans fats), avoiding smoking, controlling high blood pressure and diabetes, and participating in moderate exercise. You may be referred to a dietician for advice in making dietary changes. Your healthcare provider will talk to you about risks and benefits of drug therapy, based on the results of your low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and possibly your calculated risk for ASCVD. There are several classes of drugs that are effective in lowering LDL-C. You may be prescribed one of these. Your LDL-C will be checked at regular intervals to assure that the drug is working. If the drug does not result in adequate reduction in your LDL cholesterol, your healthcare provider may increase the amoun
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