Anti - Mullerian Hormone (AMH)
- S6110
Rs 1925
- Why Get Tested?
In women, to evaluate ovarian function and fertility; sometimes in the evaluation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or to evaluate the effectiveness of ovarian cancer treatment; in an infant, to evaluate the presence of external sex organs that are not clearly male or female (ambiguous genitalia) and/or function of the testicles in an infant boy - When To Get Tested?
When a health practitioner wants to evaluate a woman's fertility, predict onset of menopause, or suspects PCOS; sometimes prior to some assisted reproductive procedures; periodically when a woman is undergoing treatment for an AMH-producing ovarian cancer; when it is suspected that the testicles of an infant boy are absent or not functioning properly - Sample Type:SERUM (SST or Plain)
- Fasting :NO
- Report Delivery:within 48 Hrs of Test Schdule
- Components:1 Observations
Tests Detail
| Observations Included |
| Anti - Mullerian Hormone (AMH) |
| The Test marked with (*) are in our NABL Scope. |
Sample Report
- Also Known As:
AMH AMH Hormone Test Müllerian-inhibiting Hormone MIH Müllerian Inhibiting Factor MIF Müllerian-Inhi - Formal Name:
Anti-Müllerian Hormone - Sample Instructions:
A blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm - Test Preparation Needed?
None - What Is Being Tested?
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a hormone produced by reproductive tissues, including the testicles in males and the ovaries in females. The role of AMH and the amount normally present varies depending upon sex and age. This test measures AMH in the blood. Very early in the development of a baby boy, AMH is produced by the testicles, inhibiting the development of female reproductive organs while promoting the development of other male reproductive organs. In boys, the level of AMH remains high until puberty, when it begins to taper off. In girls, low levels of AMH are produced, thus allowing the development of female reproductive structures. The AMH level in young girls remains low until puberty, when the ovaries begin to produce it and levels increase. AMH will then steadily decline in women over their reproductive years, becoming very low and eventually undetectable after menopause. AMH is important for a woman during her childbearing years. At birth, a female has about one million eggs (oocytes), which then decrease naturally in number during childhood to about 500,000. Only a tiny number of these remaining eggs will go through follicle maturation – one at a time as part of a woman's monthly menstrual cycle. AMH has a balancing effect on the monthly cyclical actions of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) during the process of egg maturation and release (ovulation). The amount of AMH present is a reflection of this follicular growth. Studies have shown that the AMH level may be useful in determining a woman's remaining egg maturation potential (ovarian reserve) and her likelihood of conceiving. AMH declines over time during childbearing years, drops significantly as menopause approaches, and typically becomes almost undetectable after menopause. Determining the AMH level may be useful in evaluating a woman's current fertility status and may predict the onset of menopause. Elevated AMH levels have been associated with a condition af - How Is It Used?
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is not a routinely ordered test but may be useful in specific circumstances. AMH is a hormone produced by reproductive tissues. Its role and the amount normally present varies depending upon sex and age. (See the "What is being tested?" section for more on this.) AMH test in women: Women of childbearing age may have an AMH test ordered along with other hormone tests, such as estradiol and FSH, to estimate the remaining time left to conceive (ovarian reserve). These tests are also useful in evaluating ovarian function and possibly in predicting the onset of menopause. AMH may sometimes be ordered for a woman who will be undergoing assisted reproduction procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF); the concentration of AMH present is related to her likely responsiveness to treatment. A low level of AMH reflects poor ovarian response, indicating that a decreased number of eggs would be retrieved after ovarian stimulation. For this purpose, it is typically ordered along with other hormone tests and a transvaginal ultrasound (to count the number of follicles as a reflection of the woman's egg supply). An AMH test may be used to evaluate polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). AMH may be elevated due to the increased number of follicles present. Some ovarian cancers produce increased levels of AMH. If the hormone is initially elevated, then the test can be used as a tumor marker to help evaluate response to treatment and monitor for recurrence. AMH test in infants In an infant with external genitals that are not clearly male or female (ambiguous genitalia), an AMH test may be ordered along with chromosome testing, hormone testing, and sometimes imaging scans to help determine the sex of the baby. In an infant boy born with no visible testicles, low levels of AMH may account for the ambiguity of genitalia. If the testicles have not descended but are present in the abdomen, this test may be used to help determine whether they are functioni - When Is It Ordered
An AMH test may be ordered in women when evaluating ovarian function, fertility issues, especially when considering assisted reproduction procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), and when a health practitioner wants to determine a woman's likelihood of entering menopause. AMH may be ordered when a woman has signs and symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Some of these include: Abnormal uterine bleeding Acanthosis nigricans Acne Absence of menstrual cycle (amenorrhea) Decreased breast size Enlarged ovaries Excess face and body hair (hirsutism) involving male hair growth patterns, such as hair on the face, sideburn area, chin, upper lip, lower abdominal midline, chest, areola, lower back, buttock, and inner thigh Weight gain/obesity, with fat distribution in center of the body Skin tags in the armpits or neck Thinning hair, with male pattern baldness AMH may be ordered periodically for a woman with an AMH-producing ovarian cancer to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and to monitor for recurrence. An AMH test may be ordered when an infant has ambiguous genitalia or when a male child's testicles have not descended properly. - What Does The Test Result Mean?
Women During a woman's childbearing years, a decreased level of AMH may indicate a low number and quality of eggs (low ovarian reserve) with diminishing fertility, resulting in minimal or less responsiveness to IVF treatment. It can also indicate that the ovaries are not functioning normally (premature ovarian failure). A decreasing level and/or significant decline in AMH may signal the imminent onset of menopause. Negative to low levels of AMH are normal in a female during infancy and after menopause. An increased level of AMH is often seen with PCOS but is not diagnostic of this condition. Increased AMH may also indicate an increased or even excessive responsiveness to IVF and a need to tailor the procedure accordingly. When AMH is used as a tool to monitor an AMH-producing ovarian cancer, then a decrease in AMH indicates a response to treatment while an increase may indicate cancer recurrence. Infants In a male infant, absence or low levels of AMH may indicate a problem with the AMH gene located on chromosome 19 that directs AMH production and may be seen with absent or dysfunctional testicles. Lack of male hormones may result in ambiguous genitalia and may cause abnormal internal reproductive structures. Normal levels of AMH and androgens in a male infant whose testicles have not descended indicate that they are present and functional but not physically located where they are supposed to be. - Is There Anything Else I Should Known?
Some in the medical community are advocating the use of AMH as a more routine test, for predicting the end of fertility and the onset of menopause, but there is not a consensus on this use. It is not considered a diagnostic or "stand-alone" test, but one that supports the diagnosis of one of the conditions mentioned. Other female hormones fluctuate with a woman's monthly cycle; however, AMH is produced by growing follicles at a relatively steady rate. It is also not affected by oral contraceptives or pregnancy. Should every woman of child-bearing years have an AMH test? For most women, the AMH test is not considered necessary unless they are having fertility issues. Most women will not need to have this test performed. Should every male child have an AMH test? No, testing is not routinely needed. It is only indicated when there are questions about a baby's sexual development. Can an AMH test be performed in my doctor's office? No, this test requires specialized equipment and must be performed in a laboratory. Your blood may need to be sent to a reference laboratory.
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